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A valve is a device which regulates the flow of a fluid like slurries, fluidized gases or regular gases, liquids, by closing, partially obstructing or opening certain passageways. Valves are normally pipe fittings but are typically discussed as a separate category. In situations where an open valve is concerned, fluid flows in a direction from higher to lower pressure.
Many applications like for example residential, transport, commercial, military and industrial industries utilize valves. A few of the main industries that depend on valves consist of the power generation, water reticulation, sewerage, oil and gas sector, mining and chemical manufacturing.
Most valves being utilized in everyday activities are plumbing valves, which are used in taps for tap water. Several common valves comprise ones fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, gas control valves on cookers, valves within car engines and safety devices fitted to hot water systems. In nature, veins in the human body act as valves and control the blood flow. Heart valves also control the circulation of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the correct pumping action.
Valves can be used and worked in a lot of ways that they could be worked by a pedal, a lever or a handle. Moreover, valves could be driven automatically or by changes in pressure, flow or temperature. These changes can act upon a diaphragm or a piston which in turn activates the valve. Various common examples of this particular kind of valve are seen on safety valves or boilers fitted to hot water systems.
There are more complex control systems using valves which need automatic control that is based on external input. Like for example, regulating flow through a pipe to a changing set point. These circumstances normally need an actuator. An actuator will stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, that allows the valve to be positioned accurately while allowing control over several needs.